Planetary magnetism

نویسنده

  • D. J. Stevenson
چکیده

M a g n e t i c f i e l d s a r e u b i q u i t o u s i n t h e U n i v e r s e b e c a u s e o f t h e a b s e n c e (o r r a r i t y ) o f f r e e m a g n e t i c m o n o p o l e s . However , t h e l a r g e s c a l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n of m a g n e t i c f l u x i n an e s s e n t i a l l y n o n f e r r o m a g n e t i c body s u c h a s t h e E a r t h , r e q u i r e s a n o n c o s m o g o n i c a l e x p l a n a t i o n . A r e g e n e r a t i v e p r o c e s s mus t e x i s t b e c a u s e t h e magn e t i c d i f f u s i o n t i m e i n t h e E a r t h i s much l e s s t h a n t h e age o f t h e E a r t h . The mos t p o p u l a r e x p l a n a t i o n i s t h e dynamo mode l i n w h i c h c o n v e c t i o n a l o r p r e c e s s i o n a l f l u i d m o t i o n s i n t h e c o r e i n d u c e and s u s t a i n a m a g n e t i c f i e l d . O t h e r m e c h a n i s m s a r e p o s s i b l e I n w h i c h , f o r e x a m p l e , t h e r m o e l e c t r i c e f f e c t s a r e i m p o r t a n t . The a d v e n t o f p l a n e t a r y p r o b e s h a s l e d t o a d r a m a t i c i n c r e a s e i n i n f o r m a t i o n on t h e m a g n e t i c f i e l d s o f t h e f i v e i n n e r m o s t p l a n e t s . I n p a r t i c u l a r , t h e r e c e n t f l y b y s o f J u p i t e r (by P i o n e e r 10) and Mercu ry (by M a r i n e r 10) h a v e y i e l d e d u n e x p e c t e d r e s u l t s . T h e s e o b s e r v a t i o n s a r e d i s c u s s e d and shown t o be r e c o n c i l a b l e w i t h p r e s e n t t h e o r i e s o f p l a n e t a r y m a g n e t i s m and s o l a r s y s t e m chemi s t r y . Some p r e d i c t i o n s a r e made f o r S a t u r n , Uranus and N e p t u n e .

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تاریخ انتشار 2013